Mr. Sundar enquired : what is the real name of Periya Pazhuvettarayar.
I also have some few questions :
1. Did Arulmozhi visit Sri Lanka before he assend the Chola throne in AD 985? The story is related to AD 965 - 969 period.
2. Why does Kalki say Kodikkaraiamman has relevance to Mandakini?
3. Naagai Buddhaviharam was actually constructed after Rajaraja ascended the throne - closer to Rajendra's ascendency in 1012 AD, after his Srivijayam victory. Did any other Bhudhavihar exist before that?
> > 1. Did Arulmozhi visit Sri Lanka before he assend the Chola throne in > AD 985? The story is related to AD 965 - 969 period.
Arulmozhi would have visited many countries other than chola desam. Because of that only, he would have got that broad mind (kuduththaar kuduththanavum) and 'Raja thandhiram'. But i don't know whether there are any historical evidences for his visit to Srilanka.
> > 2. Why does Kalki say Kodikkaraiamman has relevance to Mandakini?
Mandakini belonged to Kodikkarai. She saved Arulmozhi in many instances. So, he would have build Kodikkaraiamman temple in the memory of Mandakini.
> > 3. Naagai Buddhaviharam was actually constructed after Rajaraja > ascended the throne - closer to Rajendra's ascendency in 1012 AD, > after his Srivijayam victory. Did any other Bhudhavihar exist before > that?
There might have been some other Bhudhavihar in Naagai but may not be Soodaamani viharam. Because, naagai was a transit point to go to Srilanka. So, for helping the budhdha monks to go to Srilanka, there might have been some budhdha viharams. Is it right?
Thanks for your reply. But I believed you are undergoing intensive training under an Institution which does not allow speculations like what I have raised in my mail.
We cannot say he might have. We have to say has he?.. Correct?!
1. Just now I was going through Udayarkudi inscriptions. An example : "Swasthishree Korajakesari panmarkku yaandu 4 ...Vadakarai Brahmadeyam Sri Veeranaryasadurvedimangalathu .. perumbadi.. perumakkalukku.. Thondainattu Manaiyirkottathu Merpazhuvur Sekkizhanaraiyan Sankaranarayanankiya Sozhamutharariyan .. chandradithasuvath nirka kodutha nilamavathu.... " (AR 585 of 1920) gift of lands by Sekkizhan Araiyan Sankaranarayanan @ Sozhamutharaiyan .. of Melappaluvur .. comprising 4 pieces of vast fertile lands..."
There is a possibility this is Periya pazhuvettarayar.
(Udayarkudi inscriptions speak of Aditha Karikalan's murder)
2. Panjavanmadevi - also known as Pazhuvur Nakkan's (Ambalavananan Moovenda Velalar's - (Source: Dr.Sethuraman) daughter - one of the favourite Queens of Rajaraja - upon whose demise Rajendra constructed Pallippadai at Pazhayarai - might have been the source of inspiration for creation of Nandhini character - whose fatherhood is derived from Sundarachola.
Today I found some time to scan through Udayarkudi inscriptions. I am furnishing a jist :
On the SOUTH WALL of Central Shrine of Ananteeswaraswami temple, as per South India Inscriptions (SII) records of 1920:
Swasathishree Kopparakesari (2nd yr) (Parakesari is one who is NOT entitled to share the throne; Rajakesari is one who is likely to succeed the Crown King. Uthama Chola was parakesari and Adithakarikala - subsequently Rajaraja were Rajakesaris: Sastry)
These Records are offerings by various persons for burning a perpetual lamp - called NONDA VILAKKU (mostly in memory of a departed soul - even now, we call it Motshadeepam : Personally some of us did this after the fateful 11th Sept 2001 massacre. The gift was either 12.5 Kazhanju gold for buying 96 sheep, from whose ghee, the lamp would be burnt perpetually : as per inscription "till Suryan and Chandran are there?! - "Charadithar ullavarai")
Record #537: Nakkan Pattalaki 12.5 Kazhanju gold -for Nondavilakku;
541:Servant Woman Diran Tirali 12.5 K gold; 545: Desavalavan Suriyan of Kodandarama THERINJA KAIKKOLAPPADAI 12.5; 552:Aiyaran Sendan @ Nikalanka Muvendavelalan : 12.5K; 555: Daanatonga THERINJA Kaikkolappadai Araiyan Geyavidangan:10; 556: Kattukkuri Yagna Kramavithan 12.5 (3rd yr 18.1.972:Uthama) 558:Thennavan Mirainattu Moovendavelalan of Devangudi in Miraikkootram on Tula, Sunday, Jyeshta (Ashtami thithi), corresponding to Oct 17th, 969 of Uthama Chola (period) -= 12.5 K; 559:Solaipiran Kramavithan:12.5K (Uthama 3rd yr) 574: Parantaga Therinja Kaikkolappadai (On behalf of) AAchan Baladevar .. 12.5 K (It implies that AAchan Baladevar is deceased!?) 581:Muttavaazhpetra Theirinjakaikkolar Araiyan Vengadavan:12.5k; 582: Muttan Kaman @ Narayana Vizhupparaiyan ::192 Sheep:2 Nondavilakku 584:Muttavazhpetra T.Kaikolar Devadi Vidhyaparan - 12.5 K; 586: Vanavan Kramavithan @ Thennavan Brahmamaharajan 12.5K; NORTH WALL:590: Singalantaka T.Kaikolar Baladevan Panaiyan .. 12.5K; 594:Koilpetral @ Gunavan Madeviyar D/o Bhupalasekhariyar : on whose behalf - the King (Devar) (Uthama) - gifted 42.5 K (Thulaippon) : inferred she is the concubine of (deceased)King (Aditha Karikala!):Means she also died along with the King!! 607 : KODANDARAMACHERI Kaanjai Kramavithan:12.5K; On the Wall of the South Verandah in the Prakara, behind the image of Gaja Lakshmi in the Same Anantheeswaraswami Temple of Udayarkudi (now known as Kattumannarkudi - near Veeranam @ Veeranarayanapuram - where our PS Hero - Vandiyathevan commences this epic), as per Record AR 609 of 1920, SII Vol XIX : PAZHUVETTARAYAN KODHANDAN TAPPILDARMAN also donated 12.5 Kazhanju......
THEN COMES THE LIST OF RAJAKESARI'S (RAJARAJA's) 3RD YEAR OFFERINGS: Example : (Gangan Ambalavana Kandradithan @ Mummudichola Vizhupparayan (PERUNDANAM OR HIGHLY PLACED OFFICIAL) : 614 of 1920 :: who acquired about 12 veli of lands from Sarvisara Trinetra Dasapuriya Bhattan, who himself acquired from Uthama)
THE ABOVE INSCRIPTIONS CLEARLY INDICATE THAT :
1. After Aditha Karikalan's death ( Oct 969!), those from various Theinja Kaikkolapadai made offerings - recorded in the 2nd regenal yr of Uthama Chola (971 - but Sundarachola was not there, since the year is denoted as the ascendency of Uthamaa's year); 2. Atleast some of them committed suicide (on their behalf offerings were made!) 2. VIPs included : Sembian Madevi, Periya Pazhuvettarayar and a concubine - Madeviyar of AK; 3. Again, in the 3rd Regenal yr of Rajaraja - offerings were made; 4. The famous "KAANDALUR CHALAI Kalamarutharuli" event took place in this year 988 only.
NOTE: Famous Udyarkudi "Chakravbathy Sreemugam" inscription is in the 2nd year of Rajakesari - Rajaraja - who - even though shared the throne in 987 along with Uthama - has proclaimed himself CHAKRAVATHY and called the Assasins of Aditha karikala as TRAITORS (Not Enemies)- which list included Irumudichola Brahmarayan Ravidasan (who was a Minister in Uthama period) also - and all his relatives lands confiscated and donated to this temple. We now know that Mummudichola Vizhupparayar - Obviously the Commander-in-chief of the Entire Chola Kingdom has confiscated this - which means an Army action - further means that the confiscation necessiated the intervention of an Army Commander in Chief.
All the above points are strengthening the theory of Neelakanda Sastry that Maduranthakan @ Uthama (probably he called himself so!) (Sundara cholar, Aditha Karikalan - Rajara and Rajendra are also called Madurantakas - Hence Rajaraja himself has denoted him as "Sembiyan Madevi Thiruvayiru Uditha Uthama") was a party to the murder of AK.
Read "The Judgement" of Dr.Sethuraman (Uthama is harless!) and compare with it with Sastry.
Fondly, SB
Key for Sequel to Ponniyin Selvan is at Udayarkudi!!!!! @ Kattumannarkudi @ Veeranam - near Sethiathope - on the way to Chidambaram !!!)
(I've dropped Mr. so you can also drop it and call me Gokul:-)
Like Kamal, I was also trained for 2 days under a great spell :-). So, my opinions are also under a similar influence :-))
My opinions:
> 1. Did Arulmozhi visit Sri Lanka before he assend the Chola throne in > AD 985? The story is related to AD 965 - 969 period.
ABSOLUTELY NO EVIDENCE. IT WAS KALKI'S IMAGINATION. ONLY SUNDARA CHOLA'S ARMY WENT AND KODUMBALUR SIRIYA VELAR LOST HIS LIFE. NOT A SUCCESSFULL BATTLE AT ALL.
> 2. Why does Kalki say Kodikkaraiamman has relevance to Mandakini?
WHERE DOES HE SAY THAT ? IF MY MEMORY IS CORRECT, HE ONLY SAYS THAT "EZHACHIYAR" TEMPLE IN TANJORE WAS BUILT BY RAJARAJA IN MEMORY OF MANDAKINI. AGAIN THERE ARE NO EVIDENCES TO PROVE THIS.
> 3. Naagai Buddhaviharam was actually constructed after Rajaraja > ascended the throne - closer to Rajendra's ascendency in 1012 AD, > after his Srivijayam victory. Did any other Bhudhavihar exist before > that?
VERY MUCH. SOODAMANI VIHARAM EXISTED EVEN BEFORE RAJARAJA PERIOD. RAJARAJA JUST GAVE SOME NIVANTHAMS WHICH INCLUDED ANAIMANGALAM VILLAGE - WHICH FORMED THE FAMOUS ANAIMANGALAM CHEPPEDUGAL. NOT SURE WHETHER SOME RENOVATIONS WERE DONE TO THE VIHARA AS WELL. NEELAKANDA SASTRI COVERS THIS IN DETAIL I BELIEVE. HE EVEN SAYS THAT THE VIHARA EXISTED EVEN TILL 17TH CEN AD AND SUCCUMBED TO A JESUIST MISSIONARY CONSTRUCTION.