why dont we discuss about the royal clans of tamilnadu. SPS knows a lot about the tanjore maratta kings. I request you all to share info on these clans
During this discussion maybe we could include where the remnants of the Madurai Nayak dynasty went? Has this already been discussed or is the answer too simple?
LOCATION: Southern India ANNEXATION: 1279 DYNASTY: Chola RELIGION: Hindu
PREDECESSORS and SHORT HISTORY: Chola disrupted by defeat at the hands of the Delhi Sultanate in 1279. Portions of the state annexed to Delhi, while other areas fall into the hands of provincial rulers. Eventually, Vijayanagar ("City of Victory") emerges as the chief centre of independent Hindu resistance to Muslim control of most of India. Rulers were.... Raja Parakesari (#1) VIJAYALAYA 848/871, ruled the Chola country from Thanjavur having captured it in 848, married and had issue. He died 871.
Raja Rajakesari ADITYA I (qv) Raja Rajakesari ADITYA I c871/907, extended the Chola dominions by the conquest of the Pallavas at the battle of Sripurambiyam near Kumbakonam about 885AD, ensuring the end of Pandya power in the south, he also ended Pallava rule in Tondaimandalam (north Tamil Nadu) and the whole of Pallava kingdom now became Chola territory, earning him the epithet of Tondainadu-pavina Rajakesarivarman (Rajakesarivarman who overran Tondainadu), he next conquered the Kongu country in the south west of Tamil Nadu, married (a), Rani Tribhuvanamadeviyar [Vayiri Akkan], married (b), Rani Ilangon Pichchi, and had issue. He died 907 at Tondaimanarrur.
Raja Parakesari PARANTAKA I (qv) Raja Parakesari PARANTAKA I Viranarayana Virakirti Vira-Chola Vikrama- Chola Irumadi-Sola Devendran Chakravartin Panditavatsalan Kunjaramallan Surachulamani 907/950, invaded the Pandya kingdom in 910, capturing its capital of Madurai, and completing his conquest of the entire Pandya country, defeated in the north of his domains by the Rashtrakuta king, married at least eleven wives, amongst whom were, (a), Rani Udaiya Pirattiyar Kokkilan Adigal, daughter of the Chera (Kerala) king Rama Varma of the Kulasekara dynasty, married (b), Rani Arumoli Nangai, the daughter of another Chera king, Paluvettaraiyar Kandan Amuthan ruling from west Paluvur of the present Tirutchirappalli in Tamil Nadu bordering Kerala, married (c), Rani Villavan Mathevi, probably the daughter of the Venad King of the Chera country, and had issue. He died about 950AD.
Prince Rajaditya (by Kokkilan Adigal), Co-Regent 947/949, died vp at the Battle of Takkolam about 949.
Raja Rajakesari GANDARADITYA (by Kokkilan Adigal) (qv) Raja Parakesari ARINJAYA (by Arulmoli Nangai) (third son) (qv) Prince Arikulakesari
Prince Uttamasili, died at an early age.
Princess Viramadevi Raja Rajakesari GANDARADITYA 950/956, a reluctant monarch who spent more time in religious matters than affairs of state, author of a Tamil Hymn on Siva of the Chidambaram Temple, married (a), Rani Viranaraniyar, married (b), Rani Udaiyapirattiyar [Madevadigalar Sembiyan Madeviyar], died about 1001, and had issue. He died about 956.
Raja Parakesari MADHURANTAKA UTTAMA (by Udaiyapirattiyar) (qv) Raja Parakesari ARINJAYA 956/957, possibly a co-regent before 956, married (a), Rani Kalyani, a princess from the clan of Vaidumbas, married (b), Rani Viman Kundaviyar, died after 957, married (c), Rani Athithan Kothai Piratiyar, died after 957, daughter of the Chera king, Indukothai Ravi Varma, and had issue. He died 957 at Arrur.
Raja Rajakesari PARANTAKA II [Sundara] (by Kalyani) (qv)
Raja Rajakesari PARANTAKA II [Sundara] 957/970, defeated the Pandya king at the Battle of Chevur in 959, though was unable to deliver a final blow, he regained Tondaimandalam and pushed the Chola frontiers north of Kanchipuram, married (a), Rani Udaya Piratiyar Thambiranadigal Vanavanmatheviyar [Thiribhuvanamatheviyar], the daughter of the Malaiyaman king of Thirukkovalur in Thondainadu, committed sati in 970, married (b), Rani Paranthahan Theviammanar, daughter of a Chera king, died 1001, and had issue. He died 970 in Kanchipuram.
Raja Aditya II Karikala, possibly Co-Regent 957/969, assasinated vp around 969AD.
Raja Rajakesari RAJARAJA I DEVA [Arunmoli Varman] (third child) (by Vanavanmatheviyar) (qv) Princess Kundavi (by Vanavanmatheviyar), married Vallavaraiyar Vandyadevar. She died after 1014. Raja Parakesari MADHURANTAKA UTTAMA 970/985, still very young at his father's death, he was set aside in favour of his cousin, fought battles in Pandyas and the Sinhalas in Sri Lanka, married (a), Rani Panchavanmathevi, daughter of Paluvettaraiyar Kandan Maravan, the Chera king of Paluvur on the west of Thirutchirappalli bordering Kerala state, married (b), Rani Sorabbaiyar, married (c), Rani Tribhuvana-Mahadeviyar, married (d), Rani Kaduvettigal, married (e), Rani Nandippottairaiyar, a Pallava Princess, married (f), Rani Siddhavadavan Suttiyar, a relative of Vikramasola-Miladudaiyar, King of Miladu, and had issue. He died 985. Prince Madurantaka Gandaraditya Chola, served as an official in Rajaraja's court. Raja Rajakesari RAJARAJA I DEVA Mummudi-Chola 985/1014, installed on the throne in July 985, he conquered the whole of southern India, and the Chola empire extended as far as Sri Lanka in the south and Kalinga (Orissa) in the north, invaded Sri Lanka in 993, destroying the capital and defeating its king, invaded the territory of the Ganga king, which was brought under under Chola rule, he created a powerful army and navy and reorganized civil administration, married (a), Rani Villavanmathevi, daughter of the king of Venadu of Chera country, married (b), Rani Lokamahadevi, married (c), Rani Cholamahadevi, married (d), Rani Trailokyamahadevi, married (e), Rani Abhimanavalli, married (f), Rani Iladamadeviyar (Latamahadevi), married (g), Rani Prithivimahadevi, and had issue. He died 1014.
Raja Parakesari RAJENDRA I Choladeva (by Lokamahadevi) (qv) Princess Madevadigal
Rani Kundavi, married Raja VIMALADITYA, Eastern Chalukya ruler of Vengi. Raja Parakesari RAJENDRA I Choladeva Gangaikonda Chola 1014/1044, Co- Regent 1012/1014, invaded Sri Lanka in 1018, capturing the Crown jewels and taking the Lanka king prisoner with his family, defeated the Western Chalukya ruler at the Battle of Maski in 1022, and later again in 1031, attacked the king of Srivijaya and defeated him in a naval battle in 1025, defeated the Chera King, and assumed the title of Mudikonda Cholan, married (a), Rani Panchavanmathevi, daughter of the Chera king Paluvettariyar, marr
the cholas were non existent by the time nalik came
infact one pandya capital was at cannanore( samayapuram)
the wiping out of the cholas ( to the great satisfaction of the pandya) were infact their undoing. malik conquered tamil territory at the speed of his cavalry.
> Portions of the state annexed to Delhi, while other areas fall into the > hands of provincial rule>>
the town of madurai was conquered in the second turk conquest 10 years after malik. it was then that they put up a governor. the governor established a independent sultanate when dynasties changed in delhi.
maliks army never met the cholas and its a serious doubt that he crossed tanjore. chidambaram, sirkali and srirangam were the major temples he looted on the way to madurai. could have crossed thirukandiyur.
> Stone is supposed to be the hardiest of elements, its able to withstand > rain,storm, heat, everything except mankind. Just imagine if everythin were > to be written in paper or cloth instead of stone carvings. Nothing would > have remained and the British would have convinced us that we were cavemen > before they came. >
dear rahul
its not the materiel that you write on that matters. have you heard of the battle of hastings in england. took place in 1066( contemprory of rajendra or his successor)
the entire story of that battle is embroided onto a tapestry. it is still preserved The Bayeux Tapestry (French: Tapisserie de Bayeux) is a 50 cm by 70 m (20 inches by 230 ft) long embroidered cloth which depicts scenes commemorating the Battle of Hastings in 1066, with annotations in Latin. It is presently exhibited in a special museum in Bayeux, Normandy, France.
it was made in 1077 probably. our members in Europe may have a chance to see it.
Chola disrupted by defeat at the > hands of the Delhi Sultanate in 1279. Portions of the state annexed > to Delhi, while other areas fall into the hands of provincial rulers.
1279 was the peak of pandya kingdom. the first invasion of turks started in 1314( =/- 2 years) it was more of a raid.
the annexation was in 1320(+/- 2 years)
ondainadu-pavina Rajakesarivarman > (Rajakesarivarman who overran Tondainadu), he next conquered the > Kongu country in the south west of Tamil Nadu, married (a), Rani > Tribhuvanamadeviyar [Vayiri Akkan], married (b), Rani Ilangon > Pichchi, and had issue. He died 907 at Tondaimanarrur. > > Raja Parakesari PARANTAKA I (qv) > Raja Parakesari PARANTAKA I Viranarayana Virakirti Vira-Chola Vikrama- > Chola Irumadi-Sola Devendran Chakravartin Panditavatsalan > Kunjaramallan Surachulamani 907/950, invaded the Pandya kingdom in > 910, capturing its capital of Madurai, and completing his conquest of > the entire Pandya country, defeated in the north of his domains by > the Rashtrakuta king, married at least eleven wives, amongst whom > were, (a), Rani Udaiya Pirattiyar Kokkilan Adigal, daughter of the > Chera (Kerala) king Rama Varma of the Kulasekara dynasty, married > (b), Rani Arumoli Nangai, the daughter of another Chera king, > Paluvettaraiyar Kandan Amuthan ruling from west Paluvur of the > present Tirutchirappalli in Tamil Nadu bordering Kerala, married (c ), > Rani Villavan Mathevi, probably the daughter of the Venad King of the > Chera country, and had issue. He died about 950AD. > > Prince Rajaditya (by Kokkilan Adigal), Co-Regent 947/949, died vp at > the Battle of Takkolam about 949. > > Raja Rajakesari GANDARADITYA (by Kokkilan Adigal) (qv) > Raja Parakesari ARINJAYA (by Arulmoli Nangai) (third son) (qv) > Prince Arikulakesari > > Prince Uttamasili, died at an early age. > > Princess Viramadevi > Raja Rajakesari GANDARADITYA 950/956, a reluctant monarch who spent > more time in religious matters than affairs of state, author of a > Tamil Hymn on Siva of the Chidambaram Temple, married (a), Rani > Viranaraniyar, married (b), Rani Udaiyapirattiyar [Madevadigalar > Sembiyan Madeviyar], died about 1001, and had issue. He died about > 956. > > Raja Parakesari MADHURANTAKA UTTAMA (by Udaiyapirattiyar) (qv) > Raja Parakesari ARINJAYA 956/957, possibly a co-regent before 956, > married (a), Rani Kalyani, a princess from the clan of Vaidumbas, > married (b), Rani Viman Kundaviyar, died after 957, married (c), Rani > Athithan Kothai Piratiyar, died after 957, daughter of the Chera > king, Indukothai Ravi Varma, and had issue. He died 957 at Arrur. > > Raja Rajakesari PARANTAKA II [Sundara] (by Kalyani) (qv) > > > Raja Rajakesari PARANTAKA II [Sundara] 957/970, defeated the Pandya > king at the Battle of Chevur in 959, though was unable to deliver a > final blow, he regained Tondaimandalam and pushed the Chola frontiers > north of Kanchipuram, married (a), Rani Udaya Piratiyar > Thambiranadigal Vanavanmatheviyar [Thiribhuvanamatheviyar], the > daughter of the Malaiyaman king of Thirukkovalur in Thondainadu, > committed sati in 970, married (b), Rani Paranthahan Theviammanar, > daughter of a Chera king, died 1001, and had issue. He died 970 in > Kanchipuram. > > Raja Aditya II Karikala, possibly Co-Regent 957/969, assasinated vp > around 969AD. > > Raja Rajakesari RAJARAJA I DEVA [Arunmoli Varman] (third child) (by > Vanavanmatheviyar) (qv) > Princess Kundavi (by Vanavanmatheviyar), married Vallavaraiyar > Vandyadevar. She died after 1014. > Raja Parakesari MADHURANTAKA UTTAMA 970/985, still very young at his > father's death, he was set aside in favour of his cousin, fought > battles in Pandyas and the Sinhalas in Sri Lanka, married (a), Rani > Panchavanmathevi, daughter of Paluvettaraiyar Kandan Maravan, the > Chera king of Paluvur on the west of Thirutchirappalli bordering > Kerala state, married (b), Rani Sorabbaiyar, married (c), Rani > Tribhuvana-Mahadeviyar, married (d), Rani Kaduvettigal, married (e), > Rani Nandippottairaiyar, a Pallava Princess, married (f), Rani > Siddhavadavan Suttiyar, a relative of Vikramasola-Miladudaiyar, King > of Miladu, and had issue. He died 985. > Prince Madurantaka Gandaraditya Chola, served as an official in > Rajaraja's court. > Raja Rajakesari RAJARAJA I DEVA Mummudi-Chola 985/1014, installed on > the throne in July 985, he conquered the whole of southern India, and > the Chola empire extended as far as Sri Lanka in the south and > Kalinga (Orissa) in the north, invaded Sri Lanka in 993, destroying > the capital and defeating its king, invaded the territory of the > Ganga king, which was brought under under Chola rule, he created a > powerful army and navy and reorganized civil administration, married > (a), Rani Villavanmathevi, daughter of the king of Venadu of Chera > country, married (b), Rani Lokamahadevi, married (c), Rani > Cholamahadevi, married (d), Rani Trailokyamahadevi, married (e), Rani > Abhimanavalli, married (f), Rani Iladamadeviyar (Latamahadevi), > married (g), Rani Prithivimahadevi, and had issue. He died 1014. > > Raja Parakesari RAJENDRA I Choladeva (by Lokamahadevi) (qv) > Princess Madevadigal > > Rani Kundavi, married Raja VIMALADITYA, Eastern Chalukya ruler of > Vengi. > Raja Parakesari RAJENDRA I Choladeva Gangaikonda Chola 1014/1044, Co- > Regent 1012/1014, invaded Sri Lanka in 1018, capturing the Crown > jewels and taking the Lanka king prisoner with his family, defeated > the Western Chalukya ruler at the Battle of Maski in 1022, and later > again in 1031, attacked the king of Srivijaya and defeated him in a > naval battle in 1025, defeated the Chera King, and assumed the title > of Mudikonda Cholan, married (a), Rani Panchavanmathevi, daughter of > the Chera king Paluvettariyar, married (b), Rani Vananvanmadevi, > daughter of the Malaiyaman king of Kovalur, married (c), Rani > Tribhuvana Mahadeviyar, married (d), Rani Viramadevi, committed sati > in 1044, married (e), Rani Mukkokilan, and had issue. He died 1044. > Raja Rajakesari RAJADHIRAJA I (qv) > Raja Parakesari RAJENDRA II DEVA (qv) > Manukulakesari, Chola Keralan, appointed as the Chola viceroy to rule > the captured Kudamalai Nadu of the Kerala country. He died during the > Chola-Chalukya war c1023
I remember you talking about this tapestry during our meeting in Chennai. It looks really beautiful. Infact it is hard to believe that it is 6 centuries old. The colors are still so brilliant even though these should have been painted using vegetable dyes (please correct if wrong) rather than oils and other chemicals we use today. Even the edges of the tapestry have not been frayed, brilliant!!!
And thanks for clearing the matter about the Pandyas wiping out the Cholas before Malik's arrival. I felt you were best equipped to do this.
That was interesting article. It has been mentioned in the article Rajendra was the son of Lokhamadevi. Does this mean that Vanthi was fictional character in PS, as Kalki hints Rajendra was the son of Vanathi.
Whew, that was quite lot of information in a single week.
Lots of history in europe seems to be on materiels other than stone and seem to have been better preserved than our stone.
follow this link to read about the shroud of the turin which since 1357 is acknowledged/denounced as the last shroud that covered jesus christ after his death. his image seems to have been imprinted on it.
Ive read about and seen photographs about this Shroud of Turin. I think there was a controversy on the authenticity of this Shroud. Its pretty well preserved too for such an old relic.
Every morning in Jaya TV news they have a segment called "Kala Chuvadugal". this programs shows a number of temples, palace buildings in ruins. It really feels sad we are unable to preserve our incredible history and heritage.
i am doing the conversion of dilapted palace which having 130 years old background and part of the orissa history since last 10 months. palace will be ready by next october for international use.
palace situated in 8 acres complex just opposite the big ancient river of orissa brahmini .
lot of heritage places are around inclusive of open and underground coal mines.vishnu anantasayana 8th century rock eidcts,budda vihar, hot springs ,waterfalls,dams and wild forests are within 100 km radius.
so many to tell.
we are bringing back to the palace as it was in 1906.
palace going to be heritage adventure park ,musuem,cottages ,boating on river, parasailing ,evening folk entertainment with heritage bazzar ,eco tourism and heritage tourism for the visitors.
in tamil nadu chengi port , thirumalainaiker palace and so many heritage buildings are restored under heritage palace back ground.
for geting more please visit to heritage hotel palaces website.
in rajastan restoration of the dilapted building before 1930 origion are in good business now with culture department funding.
If you mention the dilapted building in tamilnadu i can spare little time for guiding yours
> Madurai Nayak dynasty went? Has this already been discussed or is the answer > too simple? > > hi rahul
the madurai nayaks had a very sorry demise. from the proud anti muslim kings that they were they stooped to joining hands with the mughals to punish their hindu neighbours like travancore, ramnad, tanjore etc
rani mangammal was the last but one ruler and when she refused to make way for her grandson she was supposedly locked up in a prison and forgotten. she is said to have starved to death.
the last ruler was once again a woman- meenakshi who allied with chanda sahib and fought everybody around.
theres a great story about it. meenakshi made chanda sahib take a vow on the koran book that he would remain faithful to her. actually chanda bound a brick in a green cloth and took a vow on it. several years later he proved treachorous and madurai passed onto the arcot family which inturn had to turn it over to the british in lieu o a loan
The Sethupaathy Royalty of Ramanathapuram is known for their bravery and loyalty since Ramayana Times. The Sethu Seemai consisting of majority of Tamil Maravas are Very Gallant warriers. In Chola times, They constituted the Army to arrest any intrusion of singalese into main Land and the security of Coastal belt extending from Rameswaram to Point calimere ( Kodiakarai).
Original Sethupathy Paintings can been seen still lively in the existing Palace of Ramavilasam in the Ramanathapuram city. In 18th Century, Sethupathy Kings fought against the British and One Sethu King was imprisoned for life in the present day Fort Saint George till his Death. His queens commited sati in the fires set by rhe British coolies around Ramanathapuram Palace.
dear friend, yours was a very illuminating exposition of Sethupathy Maharajas. I presume that they still have lien over the Rameswaram Temple if I am correct. Was not one of their dynasty who helped Swami Vivekananda to go to U.S.? d.seshadri
though the rameshwaram temple technically belonged to the sethupathys its now owned by the govt of Tamil nadu under the hr&ce however the setupathy is heriditery head of the board of trustees. one of his anscestors Bhaskara sethupathy funded vivekanada's trip to chicago. However their high style of living and great debts reduced their territory to a great extent. the present heir is HRH Kumaran sethupathy.
the ramnad was awarded only a zamin status and was not a kingdom.
> one of his anscestors Bhaskara sethupathy funded vivekanada's trip to > chicago.
Its generally belived that Raja of Ramnad, Bhaskara Sethupathy helped swami vivekananda to go to Chicago for the Parliment of Religions.
'THE LIFE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA' - BY HIS EASTERN AND WESTERN DISCIPLES published by Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata - a compilation of Swamis life from various source -
When Swami Vivekananda met Raja Bhaskara Sethupathi, the raja promised help. But later, it seems he refused and didnt help..
ibid - page 372 - G.G. Narasimhachari said".....A few devoted to him went round to collect subscriptions. A philanthropic gentleman whose official position and rank is the pride of southern India headed the list with Rs.500, though another gentleman richer than the one mentioned above refused to give a pie, and even suspected the bona fides of the sanyaisns in the general and vivekananda in particular ...."
"The 'another genetleman', mentioned by G.G.Narasimhachari, who 'refuesed to give a pie' and even doubted the bonafides of the Swami, was, ALMOST certainly, the Raja of Ramnad. This is known from the reminiscences of Swami Shivananda, swami's brother disciple. Swami Shivananda told a discipled of his that when the swami had been to Ramnad, the Raja promised Rs.10,000, but Swami did not accepted anything then. Later on.........Raja replied " I am unable to send any money for this purpose".
It seems the trip of Swami Vivekananda was organised by money collected by his disciples from public, philanthorpists, Rajput kings and a few from Deccan..It was an herculien task to collect the money needed for the journey and that amount sufficed the swami only for a few days on his arrival at the US. Noble hearts in the US provided shelter and food for him for almost a year.
for bhaskara himself was in great debts. the management of his zamin had been transferred to another non- maravar gentleman for a short period because the british suspected his abilities. bhaska reportedly died a broken man at age of 32.
I read all this in a book called "Caste and capitalism in colonial south india." will gather some more info.
Swamiji almost starved and had to sleep in a railway station amidst severe cold and shivers. He was so upset that he gave up all his efforts at some point of time and resigned himself to god.
The lady opp to the garden he was sitting saw this man. His eyes. She became his first disciple in US
She and her husband helped swamiji to reach parliment
> few days on his arrival at the US. Noble hearts in the US provided > shelter and food for him for almost a year.
The Contributions of Sethu Kings of Ramanathapuram to the Development of Tamil is a note worthy. The Vallal Pandithurai Thevar established the present day Madurai Tamil Sangam with an enormous donations. The American Visit of Swami Vivakananda for his Hindu Relegious Meet was obcourse sponsored by this Dynasty. Many of the Pandyan Country Siva Temples (Fourteen Temples, Of which most of the Siva lingas are Swyampus ) are controlled and administered by Rani Sri Sri Rajeshwari Natchiyar Such Temples are THIRUVADANAI, Rameswaram, Nayyanar Kovil, Thirupuvanam almost all sung by Saint Thirugnana Sampandar Peruman.
ramanathapuram samasthanam's contribution to hinduism and tamil is note worthy. its just that various points are being found and raised about the tenure of Bhaskara sethupathi
Many of the Pandyan Country Siva Temples (Fourteen Temples, Of which most of the Siva lingas are Swyampus ) are controlled and administered by Rani Sri Sri Rajeshwari Natchiyar
the present king of Ramnad is HRH Kumaran Sethupathy
Such Temples are THIRUVADANAI, Rameswaram, Nayyanar Kovil, Thirupuvanam almost all sung by Saint Thirugnana Sampandar Peruman.
> in that geographical area ,sivaganga samsthanam has a lot of temples to manage right now.kalayar koil, kundrakudi, kandadevi etc.
infact thirupuvanam itself is owned by the sivaganga samasthanam.
> > Homages to the Father of Our Nation on this day. sps > >
To one of the simplest men who ever trod on this earth to one of the shrewdest politicians of the millienium to a man whose teachings set free half the world
The ramnad kings claim an antiquity that no one else can rival. that they were appointed keepers of the bridge by lord rama himself.
but though there have been a fairly independent maravar kingdom in that area the ramnad kingdom was most propably developed by the naiks of madurai. this was mainly to discipline that area which was known for banditry and it was an important route for pilgrims to rameshwaram.
In 1520 AD., the Nayaks of Vijayangar took over this area under their control and for about two centuries, Marava chieftains-Sethupathis who were petty kings under them.